Gingival Treatments

GINGIVAL TREATMENTS (PERIODONTOLOGY)

Periodontal tissues consist of the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cement, and the alveolar bone. Periodontal disorders are one of the foremost causes of tooth loss.
Gingivitis; is a periodontal disease that starts with the accumulation of dental biofilm on the teeth. There is redness in the gums, spontaneous bleeding or after probing, oedema in the gums, and no radiographic bone loss is seen. Bleeding is the earliest symptom of gingivitis.
Periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease characterised by clinical attachment loss, alveolar bone loss and periodontal pocket development and increased mobility and tooth loss when not treated.
Periodontal disease can worsen secondary to smoking, Diabetes Mellitus, furcation defects, personal anatomical factors, plaque formation and poor oral hygiene.
Tartar accumulation; Tartar deposition on the crown and root surfaces acts as a reservoir for bacterial plaque and is, therefore, a risk factor for developing gingivitis and periodontitis.

Gingival disease is one of the leading causes of tooth loss in adults. Gingival bleeding, gingival recession, bad breath, bone loss, loose teeth and tooth loss can be observed because of problems in these tissues that keep our teeth in the mouth.

Symptoms of Gingivitis

If gums are swollen than usual,
If bleeding is observed when using dental floss or toothbrush,
If the colour of the gums is darker and red than before,
If your gums are sensitive, you may have gingivitis.

In this case, you should consult your dentist. In this way, the situation can be intervened before it progresses, and your gingival health can be restored.

Why Does Gingivitis Occur?

The leading cause of gingivitis is plaque accumulated on the tooth and the microorganisms inside to cause inflammation in the gingiva. To prevent this condition, attention should be paid to eating and drinking habits and tooth brushing and oral care habits. You can avoid this by brushing your teeth regularly and correctly in the morning and evening.

What Are the Risk Factors?

Bad Oral Hygiene
Smoking (Smoking masks the bleeding symptom of gingivitis as it reduces the blood supply in the gums, but this actually causes the situation to progress without you realising it.)
Elderliness
Defective Restorations
Pregnancy
Medications
Diabetes

If gingivitis is not treated, it can progress and spread to the underlying tissues, causing periodontitis.

Diagnosis and Treatment

During the examination, the dentist tries to find the underlying cause by asking the patient’s medical history and oral hygiene habits. During the oral examination, the depth of the pocket between the tooth and gingiva is measured with a periodontal probe. X-rays are assessed to evaluate the bone loss. During the treatment phase, tartar removal is performed.

Periodontitis

Periodontitis is advanced periodontal destruction, in which other components other than gums are also affected. It is a chronic inflammatory disease. It can successfully refrain from the correct treatment. Periodontitis may remain stable or enter a period of exacerbation.

It is divided into two according to oral involvement:

Localised: an involvement of less than 30% of the teeth
Generalised: involvement of more than 30% of the teeth

It is one of the most important causes of tooth loss in adults. It usually progresses slowly, and the rate of progression is directly proportional to local factors in the mouth (the more plaque in the mouth, the more destruction).
The essential factors of periodontitis treatment are the stage (clinical attachment loss, radiographic bone loss, tooth loss) and degree (slow / medium / fast progression) of periodontitis. The ideal treatment for the patient is decided in light of these findings.

Treatment Approach for Periodontitis

Removal of local irritants,
Oral hygiene motivation,
Pocket elimination (curettage, flap, regenerative treatment),
And maintenance therapy.

Gingival Treatments